572 lines
24 KiB
Python
572 lines
24 KiB
Python
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r"""
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*****
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LaTeX
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*****
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Export NetworkX graphs in LaTeX format using the TikZ library within TeX/LaTeX.
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Usually, you will want the drawing to appear in a figure environment so
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you use ``to_latex(G, caption="A caption")``. If you want the raw
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drawing commands without a figure environment use :func:`to_latex_raw`.
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And if you want to write to a file instead of just returning the latex
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code as a string, use ``write_latex(G, "filename.tex", caption="A caption")``.
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To construct a figure with subfigures for each graph to be shown, provide
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``to_latex`` or ``write_latex`` a list of graphs, a list of subcaptions,
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and a number of rows of subfigures inside the figure.
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To be able to refer to the figures or subfigures in latex using ``\\ref``,
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the keyword ``latex_label`` is available for figures and `sub_labels` for
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a list of labels, one for each subfigure.
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We intend to eventually provide an interface to the TikZ Graph
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features which include e.g. layout algorithms.
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Let us know via github what you'd like to see available, or better yet
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give us some code to do it, or even better make a github pull request
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to add the feature.
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The TikZ approach
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=================
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Drawing options can be stored on the graph as node/edge attributes, or
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can be provided as dicts keyed by node/edge to a string of the options
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for that node/edge. Similarly a label can be shown for each node/edge
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by specifying the labels as graph node/edge attributes or by providing
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a dict keyed by node/edge to the text to be written for that node/edge.
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Options for the tikzpicture environment (e.g. "[scale=2]") can be provided
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via a keyword argument. Similarly default node and edge options can be
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provided through keywords arguments. The default node options are applied
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to the single TikZ "path" that draws all nodes (and no edges). The default edge
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options are applied to a TikZ "scope" which contains a path for each edge.
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Examples
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========
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>>> G = nx.path_graph(3)
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>>> nx.write_latex(G, "just_my_figure.tex", as_document=True)
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>>> nx.write_latex(G, "my_figure.tex", caption="A path graph", latex_label="fig1")
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>>> latex_code = nx.to_latex(G) # a string rather than a file
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You can change many features of the nodes and edges.
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>>> G = nx.path_graph(4, create_using=nx.DiGraph)
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>>> pos = {n: (n, n) for n in G} # nodes set on a line
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>>> G.nodes[0]["style"] = "blue"
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>>> G.nodes[2]["style"] = "line width=3,draw"
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>>> G.nodes[3]["label"] = "Stop"
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>>> G.edges[(0, 1)]["label"] = "1st Step"
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>>> G.edges[(0, 1)]["label_opts"] = "near start"
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>>> G.edges[(1, 2)]["style"] = "line width=3"
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>>> G.edges[(1, 2)]["label"] = "2nd Step"
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>>> G.edges[(2, 3)]["style"] = "green"
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>>> G.edges[(2, 3)]["label"] = "3rd Step"
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>>> G.edges[(2, 3)]["label_opts"] = "near end"
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>>> nx.write_latex(G, "latex_graph.tex", pos=pos, as_document=True)
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Then compile the LaTeX using something like ``pdflatex latex_graph.tex``
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and view the pdf file created: ``latex_graph.pdf``.
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If you want **subfigures** each containing one graph, you can input a list of graphs.
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>>> H1 = nx.path_graph(4)
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>>> H2 = nx.complete_graph(4)
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>>> H3 = nx.path_graph(8)
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>>> H4 = nx.complete_graph(8)
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>>> graphs = [H1, H2, H3, H4]
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>>> caps = ["Path 4", "Complete graph 4", "Path 8", "Complete graph 8"]
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>>> lbls = ["fig2a", "fig2b", "fig2c", "fig2d"]
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>>> nx.write_latex(graphs, "subfigs.tex", n_rows=2, sub_captions=caps, sub_labels=lbls)
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>>> latex_code = nx.to_latex(graphs, n_rows=2, sub_captions=caps, sub_labels=lbls)
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>>> node_color = {0: "red", 1: "orange", 2: "blue", 3: "gray!90"}
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>>> edge_width = {e: "line width=1.5" for e in H3.edges}
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>>> pos = nx.circular_layout(H3)
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>>> latex_code = nx.to_latex(H3, pos, node_options=node_color, edge_options=edge_width)
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>>> print(latex_code)
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\documentclass{report}
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\usepackage{tikz}
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\usepackage{subcaption}
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<BLANKLINE>
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\begin{document}
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\begin{figure}
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\draw
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(1.0, 0.0) node[red] (0){0}
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(0.707, 0.707) node[orange] (1){1}
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(-0.0, 1.0) node[blue] (2){2}
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(-0.707, 0.707) node[gray!90] (3){3}
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(-1.0, -0.0) node (4){4}
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(-0.707, -0.707) node (5){5}
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(0.0, -1.0) node (6){6}
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(0.707, -0.707) node (7){7};
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\begin{scope}[-]
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\draw[line width=1.5] (0) to (1);
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\draw[line width=1.5] (1) to (2);
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\draw[line width=1.5] (2) to (3);
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\draw[line width=1.5] (3) to (4);
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\draw[line width=1.5] (4) to (5);
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\draw[line width=1.5] (5) to (6);
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\draw[line width=1.5] (6) to (7);
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\end{scope}
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{figure}
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\end{document}
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Notes
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-----
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If you want to change the preamble/postamble of the figure/document/subfigure
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environment, use the keyword arguments: `figure_wrapper`, `document_wrapper`,
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`subfigure_wrapper`. The default values are stored in private variables
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e.g. ``nx.nx_layout._DOCUMENT_WRAPPER``
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References
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----------
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TikZ: https://tikz.dev/
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TikZ options details: https://tikz.dev/tikz-actions
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"""
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import numbers
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import os
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import networkx as nx
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__all__ = [
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"to_latex_raw",
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"to_latex",
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"write_latex",
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]
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@nx.utils.not_implemented_for("multigraph")
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def to_latex_raw(
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G,
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pos="pos",
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tikz_options="",
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default_node_options="",
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node_options="node_options",
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node_label="label",
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default_edge_options="",
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edge_options="edge_options",
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edge_label="label",
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edge_label_options="edge_label_options",
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):
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"""Return a string of the LaTeX/TikZ code to draw `G`
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This function produces just the code for the tikzpicture
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without any enclosing environment.
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Parameters
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==========
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G : NetworkX graph
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The NetworkX graph to be drawn
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pos : string or dict (default "pos")
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The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the position of each node.
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Positions can be sequences of length 2 with numbers for (x,y) coordinates.
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They can also be strings to denote positions in TikZ style, such as (x, y)
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or (angle:radius).
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If a dict, it should be keyed by node to a position.
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If an empty dict, a circular layout is computed by TikZ.
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tikz_options : string
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The tikzpicture options description defining the options for the picture.
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Often large scale options like `[scale=2]`.
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default_node_options : string
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The draw options for a path of nodes. Individual node options override these.
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node_options : string or dict
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The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the options for each node.
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Or a dict keyed by node to a string holding the options for that node.
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node_label : string or dict
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The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the node label (text)
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displayed for each node. If the attribute is "" or not present, the node
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itself is drawn as a string. LaTeX processing such as ``"$A_1$"`` is allowed.
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Or a dict keyed by node to a string holding the label for that node.
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default_edge_options : string
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The options for the scope drawing all edges. The default is "[-]" for
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undirected graphs and "[->]" for directed graphs.
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edge_options : string or dict
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The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the options for each edge.
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If the edge is a self-loop and ``"loop" not in edge_options`` the option
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"loop," is added to the options for the self-loop edge. Hence you can
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use "[loop above]" explicitly, but the default is "[loop]".
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Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the options for that edge.
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edge_label : string or dict
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The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the edge label (text)
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displayed for each edge. If the attribute is "" or not present, no edge
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label is drawn.
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Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the label for that edge.
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edge_label_options : string or dict
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The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the label options for
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each edge. For example, "[sloped,above,blue]". The default is no options.
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Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the label options for that edge.
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Returns
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=======
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latex_code : string
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The text string which draws the desired graph(s) when compiled by LaTeX.
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See Also
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========
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to_latex
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write_latex
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"""
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i4 = "\n "
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i8 = "\n "
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# set up position dict
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# TODO allow pos to be None and use a nice TikZ default
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if not isinstance(pos, dict):
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pos = nx.get_node_attributes(G, pos)
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if not pos:
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# circular layout with radius 2
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pos = {n: f"({round(360.0 * i / len(G), 3)}:2)" for i, n in enumerate(G)}
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for node in G:
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if node not in pos:
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raise nx.NetworkXError(f"node {node} has no specified pos {pos}")
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posnode = pos[node]
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if not isinstance(posnode, str):
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try:
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posx, posy = posnode
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pos[node] = f"({round(posx, 3)}, {round(posy, 3)})"
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except (TypeError, ValueError):
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msg = f"position pos[{node}] is not 2-tuple or a string: {posnode}"
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raise nx.NetworkXError(msg)
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# set up all the dicts
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if not isinstance(node_options, dict):
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node_options = nx.get_node_attributes(G, node_options)
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if not isinstance(node_label, dict):
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node_label = nx.get_node_attributes(G, node_label)
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if not isinstance(edge_options, dict):
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edge_options = nx.get_edge_attributes(G, edge_options)
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if not isinstance(edge_label, dict):
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edge_label = nx.get_edge_attributes(G, edge_label)
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if not isinstance(edge_label_options, dict):
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edge_label_options = nx.get_edge_attributes(G, edge_label_options)
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# process default options (add brackets or not)
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topts = "" if tikz_options == "" else f"[{tikz_options.strip('[]')}]"
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defn = "" if default_node_options == "" else f"[{default_node_options.strip('[]')}]"
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linestyle = f"{'->' if G.is_directed() else '-'}"
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if default_edge_options == "":
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defe = "[" + linestyle + "]"
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elif "-" in default_edge_options:
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defe = default_edge_options
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else:
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defe = f"[{linestyle},{default_edge_options.strip('[]')}]"
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# Construct the string line by line
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result = " \\begin{tikzpicture}" + topts
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result += i4 + " \\draw" + defn
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# load the nodes
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for n in G:
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# node options goes inside square brackets
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nopts = f"[{node_options[n].strip('[]')}]" if n in node_options else ""
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# node text goes inside curly brackets {}
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ntext = f"{{{node_label[n]}}}" if n in node_label else f"{{{n}}}"
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result += i8 + f"{pos[n]} node{nopts} ({n}){ntext}"
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result += ";\n"
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# load the edges
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result += " \\begin{scope}" + defe
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for edge in G.edges:
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u, v = edge[:2]
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e_opts = f"{edge_options[edge]}".strip("[]") if edge in edge_options else ""
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# add loop options for selfloops if not present
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if u == v and "loop" not in e_opts:
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e_opts = "loop," + e_opts
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e_opts = f"[{e_opts}]" if e_opts != "" else ""
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# TODO -- handle bending of multiedges
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els = edge_label_options[edge] if edge in edge_label_options else ""
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# edge label options goes inside square brackets []
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els = f"[{els.strip('[]')}]"
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# edge text is drawn using the TikZ node command inside curly brackets {}
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e_label = f" node{els} {{{edge_label[edge]}}}" if edge in edge_label else ""
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result += i8 + f"\\draw{e_opts} ({u}) to{e_label} ({v});"
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result += "\n \\end{scope}\n \\end{tikzpicture}\n"
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return result
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_DOC_WRAPPER_TIKZ = r"""\documentclass{{report}}
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\usepackage{{tikz}}
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\usepackage{{subcaption}}
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\begin{{document}}
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{content}
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\end{{document}}"""
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_FIG_WRAPPER = r"""\begin{{figure}}
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{content}{caption}{label}
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\end{{figure}}"""
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_SUBFIG_WRAPPER = r""" \begin{{subfigure}}{{{size}\textwidth}}
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{content}{caption}{label}
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\end{{subfigure}}"""
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def to_latex(
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Gbunch,
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pos="pos",
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tikz_options="",
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default_node_options="",
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node_options="node_options",
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node_label="node_label",
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default_edge_options="",
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edge_options="edge_options",
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edge_label="edge_label",
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edge_label_options="edge_label_options",
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caption="",
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latex_label="",
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sub_captions=None,
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sub_labels=None,
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n_rows=1,
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as_document=True,
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document_wrapper=_DOC_WRAPPER_TIKZ,
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figure_wrapper=_FIG_WRAPPER,
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subfigure_wrapper=_SUBFIG_WRAPPER,
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):
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"""Return latex code to draw the graph(s) in `Gbunch`
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The TikZ drawing utility in LaTeX is used to draw the graph(s).
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If `Gbunch` is a graph, it is drawn in a figure environment.
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If `Gbunch` is an iterable of graphs, each is drawn in a subfigure environment
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within a single figure environment.
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If `as_document` is True, the figure is wrapped inside a document environment
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so that the resulting string is ready to be compiled by LaTeX. Otherwise,
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the string is ready for inclusion in a larger tex document using ``\\include``
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or ``\\input`` statements.
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Parameters
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==========
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Gbunch : NetworkX graph or iterable of NetworkX graphs
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The NetworkX graph to be drawn or an iterable of graphs
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to be drawn inside subfigures of a single figure.
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pos : string or list of strings
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The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the position of each node.
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Positions can be sequences of length 2 with numbers for (x,y) coordinates.
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They can also be strings to denote positions in TikZ style, such as (x, y)
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or (angle:radius).
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If a dict, it should be keyed by node to a position.
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If an empty dict, a circular layout is computed by TikZ.
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If you are drawing many graphs in subfigures, use a list of position dicts.
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tikz_options : string
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The tikzpicture options description defining the options for the picture.
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Often large scale options like `[scale=2]`.
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default_node_options : string
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The draw options for a path of nodes. Individual node options override these.
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node_options : string or dict
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The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the options for each node.
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Or a dict keyed by node to a string holding the options for that node.
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node_label : string or dict
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The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the node label (text)
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displayed for each node. If the attribute is "" or not present, the node
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itself is drawn as a string. LaTeX processing such as ``"$A_1$"`` is allowed.
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Or a dict keyed by node to a string holding the label for that node.
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default_edge_options : string
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The options for the scope drawing all edges. The default is "[-]" for
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undirected graphs and "[->]" for directed graphs.
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edge_options : string or dict
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The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the options for each edge.
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|
If the edge is a self-loop and ``"loop" not in edge_options`` the option
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"loop," is added to the options for the self-loop edge. Hence you can
|
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use "[loop above]" explicitly, but the default is "[loop]".
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||
|
Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the options for that edge.
|
||
|
edge_label : string or dict
|
||
|
The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the edge label (text)
|
||
|
displayed for each edge. If the attribute is "" or not present, no edge
|
||
|
label is drawn.
|
||
|
Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the label for that edge.
|
||
|
edge_label_options : string or dict
|
||
|
The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the label options for
|
||
|
each edge. For example, "[sloped,above,blue]". The default is no options.
|
||
|
Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the label options for that edge.
|
||
|
caption : string
|
||
|
The caption string for the figure environment
|
||
|
latex_label : string
|
||
|
The latex label used for the figure for easy referral from the main text
|
||
|
sub_captions : list of strings
|
||
|
The sub_caption string for each subfigure in the figure
|
||
|
sub_latex_labels : list of strings
|
||
|
The latex label for each subfigure in the figure
|
||
|
n_rows : int
|
||
|
The number of rows of subfigures to arrange for multiple graphs
|
||
|
as_document : bool
|
||
|
Whether to wrap the latex code in a document environment for compiling
|
||
|
document_wrapper : formatted text string with variable ``content``.
|
||
|
This text is called to evaluate the content embedded in a document
|
||
|
environment with a preamble setting up TikZ.
|
||
|
figure_wrapper : formatted text string
|
||
|
This text is evaluated with variables ``content``, ``caption`` and ``label``.
|
||
|
It wraps the content and if a caption is provided, adds the latex code for
|
||
|
that caption, and if a label is provided, adds the latex code for a label.
|
||
|
subfigure_wrapper : formatted text string
|
||
|
This text evaluate variables ``size``, ``content``, ``caption`` and ``label``.
|
||
|
It wraps the content and if a caption is provided, adds the latex code for
|
||
|
that caption, and if a label is provided, adds the latex code for a label.
|
||
|
The size is the vertical size of each row of subfigures as a fraction.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Returns
|
||
|
=======
|
||
|
latex_code : string
|
||
|
The text string which draws the desired graph(s) when compiled by LaTeX.
|
||
|
|
||
|
See Also
|
||
|
========
|
||
|
write_latex
|
||
|
to_latex_raw
|
||
|
"""
|
||
|
if hasattr(Gbunch, "adj"):
|
||
|
raw = to_latex_raw(
|
||
|
Gbunch,
|
||
|
pos,
|
||
|
tikz_options,
|
||
|
default_node_options,
|
||
|
node_options,
|
||
|
node_label,
|
||
|
default_edge_options,
|
||
|
edge_options,
|
||
|
edge_label,
|
||
|
edge_label_options,
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
else: # iterator of graphs
|
||
|
sbf = subfigure_wrapper
|
||
|
size = 1 / n_rows
|
||
|
|
||
|
N = len(Gbunch)
|
||
|
if isinstance(pos, (str, dict)):
|
||
|
pos = [pos] * N
|
||
|
if sub_captions is None:
|
||
|
sub_captions = [""] * N
|
||
|
if sub_labels is None:
|
||
|
sub_labels = [""] * N
|
||
|
if not (len(Gbunch) == len(pos) == len(sub_captions) == len(sub_labels)):
|
||
|
raise nx.NetworkXError(
|
||
|
"length of Gbunch, sub_captions and sub_figures must agree"
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
raw = ""
|
||
|
for G, pos, subcap, sublbl in zip(Gbunch, pos, sub_captions, sub_labels):
|
||
|
subraw = to_latex_raw(
|
||
|
G,
|
||
|
pos,
|
||
|
tikz_options,
|
||
|
default_node_options,
|
||
|
node_options,
|
||
|
node_label,
|
||
|
default_edge_options,
|
||
|
edge_options,
|
||
|
edge_label,
|
||
|
edge_label_options,
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
cap = f" \\caption{{{subcap}}}" if subcap else ""
|
||
|
lbl = f"\\label{{{sublbl}}}" if sublbl else ""
|
||
|
raw += sbf.format(size=size, content=subraw, caption=cap, label=lbl)
|
||
|
raw += "\n"
|
||
|
|
||
|
# put raw latex code into a figure environment and optionally into a document
|
||
|
raw = raw[:-1]
|
||
|
cap = f"\n \\caption{{{caption}}}" if caption else ""
|
||
|
lbl = f"\\label{{{latex_label}}}" if latex_label else ""
|
||
|
fig = figure_wrapper.format(content=raw, caption=cap, label=lbl)
|
||
|
if as_document:
|
||
|
return document_wrapper.format(content=fig)
|
||
|
return fig
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
@nx.utils.open_file(1, mode="w")
|
||
|
def write_latex(Gbunch, path, **options):
|
||
|
"""Write the latex code to draw the graph(s) onto `path`.
|
||
|
|
||
|
This convenience function creates the latex drawing code as a string
|
||
|
and writes that to a file ready to be compiled when `as_document` is True
|
||
|
or ready to be ``import`` ed or ``include`` ed into your main LaTeX document.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The `path` argument can be a string filename or a file handle to write to.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Parameters
|
||
|
----------
|
||
|
Gbunch : NetworkX graph or iterable of NetworkX graphs
|
||
|
If Gbunch is a graph, it is drawn in a figure environment.
|
||
|
If Gbunch is an iterable of graphs, each is drawn in a subfigure
|
||
|
environment within a single figure environment.
|
||
|
path : filename
|
||
|
Filename or file handle to write to
|
||
|
options : dict
|
||
|
By default, TikZ is used with options: (others are ignored)::
|
||
|
|
||
|
pos : string or dict or list
|
||
|
The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the position of each node.
|
||
|
Positions can be sequences of length 2 with numbers for (x,y) coordinates.
|
||
|
They can also be strings to denote positions in TikZ style, such as (x, y)
|
||
|
or (angle:radius).
|
||
|
If a dict, it should be keyed by node to a position.
|
||
|
If an empty dict, a circular layout is computed by TikZ.
|
||
|
If you are drawing many graphs in subfigures, use a list of position dicts.
|
||
|
tikz_options : string
|
||
|
The tikzpicture options description defining the options for the picture.
|
||
|
Often large scale options like `[scale=2]`.
|
||
|
default_node_options : string
|
||
|
The draw options for a path of nodes. Individual node options override these.
|
||
|
node_options : string or dict
|
||
|
The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the options for each node.
|
||
|
Or a dict keyed by node to a string holding the options for that node.
|
||
|
node_label : string or dict
|
||
|
The name of the node attribute on `G` that holds the node label (text)
|
||
|
displayed for each node. If the attribute is "" or not present, the node
|
||
|
itself is drawn as a string. LaTeX processing such as ``"$A_1$"`` is allowed.
|
||
|
Or a dict keyed by node to a string holding the label for that node.
|
||
|
default_edge_options : string
|
||
|
The options for the scope drawing all edges. The default is "[-]" for
|
||
|
undirected graphs and "[->]" for directed graphs.
|
||
|
edge_options : string or dict
|
||
|
The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the options for each edge.
|
||
|
If the edge is a self-loop and ``"loop" not in edge_options`` the option
|
||
|
"loop," is added to the options for the self-loop edge. Hence you can
|
||
|
use "[loop above]" explicitly, but the default is "[loop]".
|
||
|
Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the options for that edge.
|
||
|
edge_label : string or dict
|
||
|
The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the edge label (text)
|
||
|
displayed for each edge. If the attribute is "" or not present, no edge
|
||
|
label is drawn.
|
||
|
Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the label for that edge.
|
||
|
edge_label_options : string or dict
|
||
|
The name of the edge attribute on `G` that holds the label options for
|
||
|
each edge. For example, "[sloped,above,blue]". The default is no options.
|
||
|
Or a dict keyed by edge to a string holding the label options for that edge.
|
||
|
caption : string
|
||
|
The caption string for the figure environment
|
||
|
latex_label : string
|
||
|
The latex label used for the figure for easy referral from the main text
|
||
|
sub_captions : list of strings
|
||
|
The sub_caption string for each subfigure in the figure
|
||
|
sub_latex_labels : list of strings
|
||
|
The latex label for each subfigure in the figure
|
||
|
n_rows : int
|
||
|
The number of rows of subfigures to arrange for multiple graphs
|
||
|
as_document : bool
|
||
|
Whether to wrap the latex code in a document environment for compiling
|
||
|
document_wrapper : formatted text string with variable ``content``.
|
||
|
This text is called to evaluate the content embedded in a document
|
||
|
environment with a preamble setting up the TikZ syntax.
|
||
|
figure_wrapper : formatted text string
|
||
|
This text is evaluated with variables ``content``, ``caption`` and ``label``.
|
||
|
It wraps the content and if a caption is provided, adds the latex code for
|
||
|
that caption, and if a label is provided, adds the latex code for a label.
|
||
|
subfigure_wrapper : formatted text string
|
||
|
This text evaluate variables ``size``, ``content``, ``caption`` and ``label``.
|
||
|
It wraps the content and if a caption is provided, adds the latex code for
|
||
|
that caption, and if a label is provided, adds the latex code for a label.
|
||
|
The size is the vertical size of each row of subfigures as a fraction.
|
||
|
|
||
|
See Also
|
||
|
========
|
||
|
to_latex
|
||
|
"""
|
||
|
path.write(to_latex(Gbunch, **options))
|